“Number of deaths per 1000 deaths from known causes” — US Census Office, 1898
(Click for a larger version.)
Top tow, from left: Consumption (scale goes up to “135 and over per 1000 deaths”), diphteria (50 and over), cancer and tumors (30+), whooping cough (14+);
Middle row: Pneumonia (105+), croup (20+), malarial fever (80+), scarlet fever (11+);
Bottom row: Diarrheal diseases (100+), typhoid fever (50+), measles (20+), heart disease and dropsy (80+).
From davidrumsey.com.